The diagnosis of “opioid withdrawal” may apply after a person stops/reduces opioid use that has been heavy and prolonged (i.e., several weeks or longer), or after the person has been given an opioid antagonist. Three or more of the following symptoms must be present within minutes to several days after stopping/reducing opioid use, or after receiving an opioid antagonist:
- Uneasy, anxious, or depressed mood
- Nausea or vomiting
- Muscle aches
- Excessive tearing or runny nose
- Pupillary dilation, goosebumps, or sweating
- Diarrhea
- Yawning
- Fever
- Insomnia
The symptoms cause significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The symptoms are not attributable to another medical condition or mental disorder, including intoxication or withdrawal from another substance.