Yes. A number of medical conditions or their treatments may cause symptoms similar to those of ADHD/ADD. Examples include:
Autism spectrum disorder
Brain injury
Learning or language problems
Medical problems or medications that affect thinking or behavior
Mood disorders such as depression or anxiety
Vision or hearing problems
Seizure disorders
Sleep disorders
Is ADHD/ADD a genetic condition?
Yes, data suggest that ADHD/ADD is largely genetic, with a heritability factor of approximately 7 percent. The rate of ADHD/ADD in parents and siblings of children with ADHD/ADD is 2 to 8 times greater than in the general population. First-degree biological relatives are at high risk for developing ADHD/ADD as well as other psychiatric disorders, including disruptive behavior disorders, anxiety disorders, and depressive disorders. Siblings of children with ADHD/ADD are also at higher risk for learning disorders and academic difficulties.
Can issues during pregnancy cause ADHD/ADD?
Yes. Higher rates of ADHD/ADD occur in children born prematurely and in children whose mothers have had maternal infections during pregnancy.